The Composition and Comparative Content of Fatty Acids in the Oils in Seeds of Apricot and Peach Varieties

Abstract

The paper concerns the results of study of oils, composition content of fatty acids in the oils of embryos of apricot varieties (38 specimens, grown in the North Caucasus, Maikop and the Crimea' Bakhchi- saray), differing by their biological properties. The analyses have that the portion of an embryo (up to 36%). and the oils in the (up to 58.7%) in apricots are higher than those in peaches (up to and 48.3%, respectively). In the composition of the oils in the seeds of the apricot and peach {the following fatty acids are included: palmitic stearic (C18:0), palmitoleic (C16:1), oleic (C18:1), linoleic (C182). The content of C18:1 in the oil of the apricot varieties of Tashkent reproduction ranged from 57 up to 75%, — from 15.9% up to 34.7% and C16.1 — only from traces up to 1.8%. The content of C18:1 in the varieties of the European group of the Tashkent reproduction was higher than that in the varieties of the same group of the Crimean reproduction, the contrary is the case with C18.2. In the oils of the peach varieties, grown in the Crimea and in the North Caucasus the content of C18:1 ranged from 47.8 up to 71 % and C18 2: — from 21.3 up to 40.5%. Among the apricot and peach varieties of one and the same reproduction the group of specimens differing significantly by the ratio of fatty acids, especially C18:1, and C182 have been distinguished. Within the group of varieties of different dates of ripening the significant variations in the content of C18:1 and C18:2 have been marked, this testifies to their genotypical specification. The ratio of C18:2 to C18:1 in the oil of peach and apricot varieties ranges within the wide limits (from 0,2 to 0,8).