十字花科58属94种野生植物种子脂肪酸组分分析 . Fatty Acid Analysis of the Seed Oil in a Germplasm Collection of 94 Species in 58 Genera of Brassicaceae

Abstract

Fatty acid composition and their correlation with other quality traits in a germplasm collection of 94 species in 58 genuses of Brassicaceae were analyzed by the gas chromatography.The results showed that there were 13 kinds of main fatty acid components in seed oil.Their average contents were ranked from high to low as linolenic,erucic,linoleic,and oleic acids.There existed 10 pairs with extremely significant positive correlation between palmitics acid,and stearic acid,11 pairs with extremely significant negative correlation between linolenic acid and erucic acid,6 pairs with significant positive correlation between palmitic acid and linoleic acid,4 pairs with,significant negative correlation between oleic acid and linolenic acid.As correlation coefficients reflecting the degree of relationship between some fatty acid pairs were relatively low,in these fatty acid pairs,only part or very few species were consistent with the corresponding relationship,or even none showed consistency with the relationship among 19 species with the highest or lowest fatty acid content.Some excellent germplasms were found with good development potentiality and application prospect,comprehensively as high oleic acid(L.fendleri(A.Gray) S.Watson,etc.),high linoleic acid(O.violaceus L.O.E.Schulz,etc.),zero erucic acid(M.africana(Linnaeus) R.Brown,etc.),low linolenic acid(L.annua L.,etc.),high oleic acid and low linolenic acid(C.hispanica L.,etc.).High oleic acid and low erucic acid(O.violaceus L.O.E.Schulz,etc.) germplasms meeting the standard of edible oil and high erucic acid(B.rapa L.,etc.),and high linolenic acid(S.eurycarpa(Maxim.) Botsch.var.brevistipes Y.C.Lan et T.Y.Cheo,etc.) germplasms had important industrial uses.This study also laid a theoretical foundation for further exploration.