非洲山毛豆种子的物理特征、成分分析与油脂组成的研究 . Analysis of Physical Characteristics, Composition of Tephrosia vogelii Hook f.Seeds and its Oil Component

Abstract

The physical characteristics and chemical macro components of Tephrosia vogelii Hook f.seeds were analyzed.The constitutes of fatty acid and glyceride in oil were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy(GC-MS)and the technology of liquid chromatography-mass equipped with selective detector of electrospray ionization anionic trap(LC-MSD-Trap-XCT).The nutritional evaluation about oil was evaluated.The result showed that the size of seeds was 4.63 mm×4.01 mm×1.92 mm,1 000-grain weight 1.52 g,soil bulk density was 659.8 g/L,the angle of automatic flow was 25.89°,the angle of repose was 23.15°,mass fraction of water and volatile matter was 9.89%,crude fat was 13.47%,crude protein was 38.73%,carbohydrate was 33.21%(soluble sugar 10.54%,starch 10.76%,crude fiber 11.91%),ash 4.84%.Acid value,peroxide value,saponification value,iodine value,density and refraction coefficient of oil of Tephrosia vogelii Hook f.seeds were 2.7 mg/g,1.17 mmol/kg,188 mg/g,1.18 g/g,0.859 9 g/mL,1.464 8,respectively.Fatty acid ingredients were as following(w/%): Tetradecanoic acid was 0.15%,pentadecanoic acid 0.031%,hexdecanoic acid(palmitic acid) 18.68%,hexadecenoic acid 0.023%,heptanoic acid 0.12%,stearic acid 6.46%,oleic acid 19.26%,linoleic acid 38.76%,linolenic acid 8.38%,eicosanoic acid 1.90%,eicosenoic acid 0.52%,heneicosanoic acid 0.12%,docosanoic acid 4.09%,tricosanoic acid 0.16%,tetracosanoic acid 1.35%,furthermore,amount of unsaturated fatty acid was 66.94%.Monoglyceride esters of fatty acid content were 0.11%.diglyceride of fatty acid 0.180%,triglyceride of fatty acid 99.687% in dried oil.Tephrosia vogelii Hook f.seeds whose indexes were all accorded with Chinese and other countries'edible soybean oil standard(GB/T1535-2003,Codex-Stan 210) contained high amount of fat and protein and were rich with human essential linoleic acid and linolenic acid.