不同种源无患子品质差异及种籽油脂肪酸分析GC . Difference Analysis of Seed Qualities And Composition of Fatty Acid of Oil of Sapindus mulorossi Gaertn From Different Provenances

Abstract

In this study,Sapindus mulorossi Gaertn seeds collected from five provenances were the experimental materials and their morphological characters,saponin content,oil content in kernel,physical and chemical properties,fatty acid composition and relative content of seed oil were measured.The results showed that there were significant differences in seed morphological characters among different provenances( P0.05),and the Sapindus mulorossi Gaertn seeds from Guixi County had the highest indexes in 1 000-grain weight、length and width; there were significant differences in oil yeld of seeds from different provenances,the oil yeld of Guixi seeds was the highest; there were differences in refractive index,acid value,iodine value,saponification value and other physical and chemical properties among seeds oil from different provenances. Ten fatty acids were detected by the Gas chromatography from the seed oil of Sapindus mulorossi Gaertn including palmitoleic acid,oleic acid,linoleic acid,linolenic acid,palmitic acid,stearic acid,arachidic acid,eicosenoic acid,docosanoic acid and sinapinic acid,in which the total relative content of unsaturated fatty acids was up to 80.08%-87.16%.In the seed oil of Sapindus mulorossi Gaertn from different provinces,the iodine values were all less than 115; the linolenic acid was less than 12%; the parinaric acid content was little; and the carbon chain length in fatty acids was C16-C20,which all met the standards of biodiesel and were worth of biological energy research.Among them,the Sapindus mulorossi Gaertn seeds from Guixi were big and plump and had highest seed oil content compared with those from other sources.Therefore,the seeds from Guixi can be used as the best seed resources of biofuel materials.The saponin contents in the seeds of Sapindus mulorossi Gaertn from Nanchang City and Jiujiang City were both higher than those from other sources',which were both over 4%,so they were best for pesticide development and natural daily mecessity products.