不同种源黄连木种子形态特征及脂肪油品质的差异性分析GC . Difference analysis of seed morphological characters and oil quality of Pistacia chinensis from different provenances

Abstract

Seed morphological characters,oil content in fruit,physical and chemical properties and fatty acid composition and relative content of seed oil of Pistacia chinensis Bunge from ten provenances were studied.The results show that there are significant differences in seed morphological characters among different provenances(P0.05).The 1 000-seed weight is 29.22-39.90 g.The length and width of seed are 4.47-5.17 mm and 4.15-4.92 mm with a length-width ratio of 1.02-1.13.There are extremely significant differences in oil content of different parts of fruit among the ten provenances(P0.01),and average oil content of fruit,flesh and kernel is 29.61%-38.61%,40.38%-64.54% and 44.81%-55.97%,respectively.Oil content in fruit from Pengze of Jiangxi,Shangluo of Shaanxi and Shilin of Yunnan is higher.The physical and chemical properties of seed oil have extremely significant differences(P0.01) among different provenances,and the refractive index is 1.469 6-1.475 1,iodine value 748-924 g·kg-1,acid value 9.7-79.7 mg·g-1 and water content 0.12%-1.40%.Seven fatty acids are detected from the seed oil of P.chinensis,including palmitoleic acid,oleic acid,linoleic acid,linolenic acid,palmitic acid,stearic acid and arachidic acid,in which the total relative content of unsaturated fatty acids is up to 73.97%-87.41%.The result of comprehensive analysis indicates that P.chinensis seeds from Pengze of Jiangxi are big and plump and can be used as good seed resources of biofuel materials.Otherwise,with high unsaturated fatty acid content,seeds from Shilin of Yunnan,Chuzhou of Anhui and Shangluo of Shaanxi are suitable seed resources of edible oil materials.